Pembuatan Zeolit Sintetis dan Aplikasinya Sebagai Katalis pada Cracking Cangkang Sawit Menjadi Bio-Oil

Abstract

Palm oil plantations are increasing each year resulting in increased production ofCrude Palm Oil (CPO) negative impact on the increasing number of solid waste oil.One of the solid waste oil palm is palm shells used as fuel oil boiler produces ashthat could potentially be used for the synthesis of Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5)(ratio of Si/Al 30). The purpose of this research to see the effect of variationcalcination temperature in the preparation of the catalyst Ni/ZSM-5. Ni/ZSM-5synthesis using impregnation method at a temperature of 90 °C for 6 hours.Furthermore calcined at temperature variation, 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C for 4hours with a nitrogen gas stream later in the oxidation with oxygen gas flow andreduced by flowing hydrogen gas. Oxidation and reduction, respectively for 2 hoursat a temperature of 400 °C. Ni/ZSM-5 formed were analyzed by BET method andtested its performance with the pyrolysis process of palm shells into bio-oil. Bio-oilis obtained characterized density, viscosity and flame point. BET method is widelyknown by the biggest catalyst surface at a temperature of 500 oC calcination is67.874 m2/g. While the performance test Ni/ZSM-5 1% of the mass of palm shellbio-oil yield obtained was 43% greatest. From the results of physical characterizationof bio-oil is known density 0.954 g/ml, 12.65 cp viscosity and flash point 62 °C.

Keywords: BET, bio-oil, cracking, palm shell, Ni/ZSM-5