Catalytic Cracking Serbuk Gergaji menjadi Crude Biofuel

Abstract

The need for sources of energy continues to rise and oil reserves as the main sourceof energy that continues to thin out the main reason for the importance of seekingalternative energy sources instead of petroleum. Biomass especially merantisawdust contained in Riau can be bio-oil through pyrolysis catalytic. This studyaimed to determine the effect of temperature and percentage of ZSM-5 to yield bio-oil produced and to know the characteristics of bio-oil properties including density,viscosity and flash point. The research prosedure is as followed Meranti sawdustweighing 50 grams that is inserted into the reactor was filled with 500 ml silinapthen added catalyst ZSM-5 with a weight of 1 wt% bio-mass and reactor coupledwith a condenser and nitrogen gas flowed at a flow rate of 1:35 ml / sec. Then inthe pyrolysis at temperatures of 290-320 oC to form products which will furthercondensed. The liquid condensed and collected every 10 minutes in record volumeand weight to calculate yield and stopped at 120 minutes. The experiment wasrepeated at temperatures of 320 oC with a percentage of catalyst 2%, 3% and 4% b yweight of the biomass. From this research, it was indicated that temperature andZSM-5 increases the rate of pyrolysis reaction. Optimum conditions for thepyrolysis at temperatures of 320 oC and the percentage of ZSM-5 catalysts 4% b yweight of biomass with a yield of 58%. From the results of physicalcharacterization of bio-oil is known density = 0978 g / ml, viscosity 19.96 cp = 52°C and a flash point.